青藏高原土壤中一株原油降解菌的作用机制探究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

常思静  杨蕊琪  章高森  刘光琇  陈拓 《冰川冻土》2018,40(5):1037-1046

分别采用原油和丙酮酸作为碳源培养Pedobacter steynii DX4细胞,采用Illumina高通量测序技术对两种碳源条件下细胞的转录组进行测序,测序数据拼接组装后共得到7 693个Unigene,其中有5 017个Unigene获得CDS注释。对Unigene进行筛选共获得1 195个差异表达基因,约占Unigene总数的15.5%,对差异表达基因进行功能分析发现,在原油为碳源的生长条件下,DX4细胞中Luciferase-like monooxygenase基因和卤代烷脱氢酶基因表达水平显著提高,这两个基因可能在DX4细胞中催化烷烃末端氧化反应。KEGG分析显示,以原油为碳源的DX4细胞中的脂肪酸降解途径中发现了8个UPDEGs、苯酸盐降解途径中发现了10个UPDEGs,揭示了细胞对原油中烷烃和芳香烃类物质的降解通路。此外,关于信号处理、物质转运、胞外多糖合成以及细胞趋向运动代谢途径的基因表达水平上调,表明DX4细胞可能依赖细胞趋向运动和合成生物表面活性物质来辅助原油降解。  相似文献   

南海北部陆坡高饱和度天然气水合物气源运聚通道控藏作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张伟  梁金强  苏丕波  尉建功  沙志彬  林霖  梁劲  黄伟 《中国地质》2018,45(1):1-14

气源运聚通道与天然气水合物富集成藏关系密切。利用准三维地震资料并结合钻探成果,深入研究了神狐海域GMGS3钻探区高饱和度水合物站位气源运移疏导通道地质地球物理特征及其控藏作用。结果表明:高饱和度水合物产出站位发育多种类型运移疏导通道,且与BSR空间耦合关系较好;紧邻BSR之下为强振幅反射,强振幅下部游离气体充注现象明显,表明水合物稳定域下部存在气体运移的通道,且深部气体向浅层发生了运移。深大断裂、底辟及气烟囱构成了沟通深部热解气及浅层生物气与浅层温压稳定域的垂向通道,在这些通道上方可以直接形成水合物;浅部滑塌面、水道砂及海底扇构成的高孔渗连续性砂体为浅层生物气及深部运移而来的部分热成因气横向运移通道,气体的侧向运移扩大了气体供给范围,增加了矿体横向展布规模。文章认为,天然气运移疏导系统与其他成藏要素匹配良好的构造和区域是勘探高饱和度水合物的有利目标。  相似文献   

峰峰矿区矿井突水分类及发生机理研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨新安  程军  杨喜增 《地质灾害与环境保护》1999,10(2):24-29

在对峰峰矿区大量突水实例深入分析的基础上,根据隔水岩体初始特性即有无断层构造及其规模大小,将矿井突水分为完整隔水岩体突水、小断层破碎带突水及大断层突水三种类型。应用岩体变形与破裂机制和岩体水力学原理,对上述三种类型突水的发生机理进行研究,并讨论预防方法。  相似文献   

Biodegradation of Malachite Green by the Ligninolytic Fungus Aspergillus flavus     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(4)

  相似文献   

基于流体势约束的潜山油气二次运移优势方向选择--以胜利油田桩海地区古生界潜山为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

常波涛  于开平  孙连浦  刘新月 《地质科技情报》2005,24(2):39-44

结合胜利油田桩海地区古生界潜山的油气勘探成果及勘探中存在的问题,定量模拟了其流体势场,并结合输导体系的发育特征,分析了潜山油气二次运移的优势方向.研究表明,油气的二次运移始于排烃后的油汇位置,运移方向宏观上主要受流体势场特征(流体势高低和流体势平面等值线形态等因素)的控制,同时受输导体系的影响,在平面上呈现出有限几个优势方向.对于不整合面发育的潜山,对不整合面分布特征(区域性和局部性)的分析是输导体系研究的前提,在区域不整合面发育的潜山中,输导体系的影响主要体现在断层和碳酸盐岩输导层两个方面,而局部不整合面的存在可以较强地影响优势运移方向.  相似文献   

Meeting the EU 2°C climate target: global and regional emission implications     

Michel den Elzen  Malte Meinshausen 《Climate Policy》2013,13(5):545-564

Abstract

This article presents a set of multi-gas emission pathways for different CO₂-equivalent concentration stabilization levels, i.e. 400, 450, 500 and 550 ppm CO₂-equivalent, along with an analysis of their global and regional reduction implications and implied probability of achieving the EU climate target of 2°C. For achieving the 2°C target with a probability of more than 60%, greenhouse gas concentrations need to be stabilized at 450 ppm CO₂-equivalent or below, if the 90% uncertainty range for climate sensitivity is believed to be 1.5–4.5°C. A stabilization at 450 ppm CO₂-equivalent or below (400 ppm) requires global emissions to peak around 2015, followed by substantial overall reductions of as much as 25% (45% for 400 ppm) compared to 1990 levels in 2050. In 2020, Annex I emissions need to be approximately 15% (30%) below 1990 levels, and non-Annex I emissions also need to be reduced by 15–20% compared to their baseline emissions. A further delay in peaking of global emissions by 10 years doubles maximum reduction rates to about 5% per year, and very probably leads to high costs. In order to keep the option open of stabilizing at 400 and 450 ppm CO₂-equivalent, the USA and major advanced non-Annex I countries will have to participate in the reductions within the next 10–15 years.  相似文献   

周边气象条件对南京城区大气污染物浓度的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

常炉予  赵天良  何金海  汤莉莉  于红霞  单云鹏 《气象与环境学报》2013,29(6):95-101

针对2014年8月南京国际青年奥林匹克运动会期间周边地区污染源的减排控制研究,本文将2010-2012年8月的NCEP/NCAR 的6 h再分析资料作为驱动场,利用WRF模式处理得到时空尺度更为精细的风场资料,结合南京奥体中心观测点的颗粒物及气体污染物浓度资料,通过相关分析以及合成分析,诊断得到了8月影响南京地区主要污染物的周边源区及其关键输送通道。结果表明：尽管8月青奥会时段南京地区主导风为海洋吹向大陆的东南风,但影响南京地区主要污染物（SO₂,NO₂,PM₁₀）浓度的外源及其主要输送路径各有不同。来自于南京西南部江西、湖南、湖北等地区的较远距离输送是对南京地区SO₂浓度影响的关键通道;来自于南京正南方向（安徽、浙江一带）的近距离输送是对南京地区NO₂浓度影响的关键通道;来自于南京西南部（湖北一带）的中远距离输送是对南京地区PM₁₀浓度影响的关键通道。  相似文献   

投喂频率对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) PI3K信号通路及糖代谢相关酶基因表达的影响     

赵楠楠  崔彦婷  王忠凯  王聪  张志豪  邓之通  赵瑞阳  孙金凤  王仁杰  李玉全 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(5):1189-1196

适宜的投喂频率能提高对虾的代谢和免疫能力,加快生长,实现提质增效的目标。为探讨不同投喂频率对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)糖代谢及相关信号通路的影响,以(7.6±1.0) g的凡纳滨对虾为实验材料,设置2、3、4、6次/d,共4个投喂频率处理组,每组设3个平行,实验持续14 d,实验结束时取样,测定PI3K信号通路相关因子PI3K、Akt、HIF-1α、mTOR,代谢酶基因中HK、PFK、GAPDH、PK、FBP、PEPCK,葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT1、GLUT2 mRNA表达水平的变化。结果发现:随着投喂频率的增加, PI3K信号通路关键基因表达的水平显著上升(P<0.05),其中6次/d投喂组PI3K、Akt、HIF-1α和mTOR表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05), 4次/d投喂组mTOR表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05);代谢关键酶基因HK、PFK、GAPDH、PK、FBP、PEPCK的表达水平随投喂频率的增加而增加,其中6次/d投喂组糖酵解HK、PFK、GAPDH、PK酶基因表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05), 3、4和6次/d投喂组糖异生酶FBP表达水平显著高于2次/d投喂组(P<0.05),葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT2在2、3、6次/d投喂频率处理组显著高于4次/d频率投喂组(P<0.05)。得出结论认为较高的投喂频率可以通过激活凡纳滨对虾糖代谢酶基因、糖转运蛋白及PI3K信号通路的表达来提高糖代谢水平。  相似文献   

Effects of Prosopis juliflora Invasion on Native Species Diversity and Woody Species Regenerations in Rangelands of Afar National Regional State,Northeast Ethiopia     

Wakshum SHIFERAW  Sebsebe DEMISSEW  Tamrat BEKELE  Ermias AYNEKULU 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2023,14(1):35-45

Investigation of the invasion of Prosopis juliflora and its effects on indigenous plant species are important for the control of the species. The study aimed to assess: (1) the effects of Prosopis juliflora invasion on the diversity of plant species in Awash Fentale and Amibara Woredas; (2) the effects of Prosopis juliflora invasion on the regeneration potential of native woody species. Sample collection was performed in habitats of Prosopis juliflora thicket, Prosopis juliflora mixed with native species stands, non-invaded woodlands, and open grazing lands. The vegetation was stratified into invasion levels of Prosopis juliflora and then a random sampling technique for data collection. Among species of plants, the highest proportion of species, 75 (47.8%), was recorded under non-invaded woodlands, but the lowest proportion of species, 22 (14%), was recorded under open grazing lands. The invasion of Prosopis juliflora reduced the Shannon diversity index. The mean values of the Shannon diversity index and species richness under Prosopis juliflora mixed with native species (H′=2.22, R=14) and non-invaded woodlands (H′=2.23, R=13) were significantly higher than Prosopis juliflora thicket (H′=1.96, R=12) and open grazing lands (H′=1.84, R=10). The highest total density (358 stems ha^?1) of seedlings was recorded under Prosopis juliflora mixed with native species. But, the lowest total density (153 stems ha^?1) of seedlings was recorded under Prosopis juliflora thickets. Moreover, 102 trees ha^?1 native woody species were recorded under Prosopis juliflora thicket, but 1252 trees ha^?1 native species were recorded under non-invaded woodlands. If the invasion of Prosopis juliflora and its effects on native species diversity continue coupled with a drier climate, plant diversity of the Afar flora region will be highly affected and its ecosystem services will be under question. Thus, the participation of all stakeholders and multidisciplinary research approaches should be designed for the management of the species and rehabilitation of the rangelands in the region.  相似文献   

氮沉降对长白山苔原植被影响的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

靳英华  许嘉巍  宗盛伟  王鹏 《地理科学》2014,(12):1526-1532

为了探讨氮沉降增加对苔原植被的影响,特别是对草本植物侵入苔原的作用,在长白山高山苔原带进行了连续4 a的人工氮沉降模拟实验,测定3种设定的氮沉降水平下牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendron chrysanthum)、笃斯越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum)和小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)的生长状况和群落结构变化。研究结果表明:1与牛皮杜鹃、笃斯越橘等苔原本地种相比,氮沉降量增加更有利于侵入的小叶章生长;牛皮杜鹃生长对氮沉降量变化响应微弱,氮沉降量增加能明显抑制笃斯越橘的生长。2无小叶章侵入的牛皮杜鹃和笃斯越橘斑块在不同氮沉降量条件下,群落结构变化不明显,氮沉降增加不是小叶章侵入苔原带的直接原因。3在小叶章侵入牛皮杜鹃和笃斯越橘斑块后,氮沉降量增加强化了小叶章的竞争能力,逐渐取代牛皮杜鹃或笃斯越橘,成为优势种,推动高山苔原向高山草甸转化。因此,随着氮沉降量的不断增加,长白山苔原带将面临退化与草甸化。  相似文献